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Faizan
The Minoan civilization was an Aegean civilization that emerged on the island of Crete and other Aegean islands, and lasted from approximately 3650 to 1400 BCE, when it was overrun by Mycenaean Greeks. No Minoan artifacts made of wood or textiles have survived to the present. The best preserved examples of Minoan art are pottery, and palace architecture with frescos that include stone carvings, intricately carved seal stones, and landscapes.
The earliest pottery is decorated with linear patterns such as fish bone motifs, curved lines, spirals, triangles, and crosses. Later pottery included naturalistic designs such as squid, fish, birds, and lilies, with more and more types of them represented as time went on.
Minoan cities were connected with roads that were paved with stones, city streets were drained of rain water, and the upper classes had access to water and sewer systems using clay pipes. Many Minoan buildings had two or three stories, often with the lower walls make of rubble and stone, and the upper walls made of mud brick. They often had flat roofs made of tiles supported by timbers, and floors made of flagstone, plaster, or wood.
Minoan palaces often included features such as columns, open courts, ashlar masonry (which consisted of large square-cut stones), staircases (implying upper stories), orthostats (large stones with a slab-like shapes that have been set upright), and the presence of different types of basins. Palaces were used for many functions, such as centers of government, shrines, workshops, administrative offices, and storage spaces for commodities such as grain. The materials used in the construction of palaces varied, and could include limestone, sandstone, and gypsum. Building methods could also vary with, for example, some palaces using roughly hewn megalithic blocks and others using ashlar masonry. Earlier palaces were generally one-story buildings, while later palaces were often multi-story buildings.
Minoan columns were unique to the Minoan culture. They were made of wood mounted on a simple stone base, were usually painted red, and were wider at the top than at the bottom (these are called 'inverted' columns to contrast them with Greek columns, which are wider at the bottom, to create an illusion of greater height). The columns were capped with a pillow-like, round piece of wood.
The earliest pottery is decorated with linear patterns such as fish bone motifs, curved lines, spirals, triangles, and crosses. Later pottery included naturalistic designs such as squid, fish, birds, and lilies, with more and more types of them represented as time went on.
Minoan cities were connected with roads that were paved with stones, city streets were drained of rain water, and the upper classes had access to water and sewer systems using clay pipes. Many Minoan buildings had two or three stories, often with the lower walls make of rubble and stone, and the upper walls made of mud brick. They often had flat roofs made of tiles supported by timbers, and floors made of flagstone, plaster, or wood.
Minoan palaces often included features such as columns, open courts, ashlar masonry (which consisted of large square-cut stones), staircases (implying upper stories), orthostats (large stones with a slab-like shapes that have been set upright), and the presence of different types of basins. Palaces were used for many functions, such as centers of government, shrines, workshops, administrative offices, and storage spaces for commodities such as grain. The materials used in the construction of palaces varied, and could include limestone, sandstone, and gypsum. Building methods could also vary with, for example, some palaces using roughly hewn megalithic blocks and others using ashlar masonry. Earlier palaces were generally one-story buildings, while later palaces were often multi-story buildings.
Minoan columns were unique to the Minoan culture. They were made of wood mounted on a simple stone base, were usually painted red, and were wider at the top than at the bottom (these are called 'inverted' columns to contrast them with Greek columns, which are wider at the bottom, to create an illusion of greater height). The columns were capped with a pillow-like, round piece of wood.
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